Dashboard / Steel & Aluminum
Industry Report — data through Oct 17, 2026

Steel & Aluminum

Storm

Primary metals production, smelting, and fabrication. Canada is the largest foreign supplier of both steel and aluminum to the U.S.

Impact
5/5
Significant active measures
Escalation risk
5/5
Major measures pending
Adaptability
2/5
Deeply integrated supply chains
Price risk
5/5
Costs flowing to consumers

Steel and aluminum remain under maximum disruption and price pressure, while the risk of further escalation rises as additional U.S. 50 per cent tariffs on certain metal products are scheduled to take effect.

In Force

Measures currently active since the 2025 escalation.

tariffs on steel, aluminum and covered derivatives

In Force
Rate 50% on primary articles; 25% on covered derivatives; temporary reduced rates for specified equipment
Baseline 0% (Canada was exempted 2019–2025)
Products Steel, aluminum, and derivative products
Effective Mar 12, 2025
Exemptions Annex-specific exclusions, U.S.-metal-content reductions, qualifying equipment relief and approved investment-program concessions apply; no blanket Canadian exemption.
CUSMA CUSMA does not generally remove Section 232 duties. Certain Annex I-C equipment from Canada can use 25% on non-U.S. content, with a 15% total-duty floor, through December 31, 2027.

March 12, 2025 is the regime's commencement, not the current rate-change date. Primary rates rose to 50% June 4, 2025. April 6, 2026 introduced full-customs-value assessment and revised annex rates; June 8 adjusted equipment relief. July 20 authorized an approved primary-aluminum investment concession. Product classification determines treatment.

Tariff — Forced Labor Enforcement (10%)

In Force
Rate 10%
Baseline 0%
Products All Canadian goods not entered under USMCA preference
Effective Jul 24, 2026
Exemptions CUSMA-qualifying Canadian goods, specified energy/raw materials and goods subject to Section 232 are excluded under the final action.
CUSMA USMCA-compliant goods exempt

Final action announced July 23, effective July 24, 2026; Canada's listed rate is 10%. Earlier investigation or proposal dates are not the final-action date. Applicable other duties may remain, but the expired Section 122 surcharge must not be stacked into current totals.

Forecast

Threatened, announced, or scheduled — not yet in force.

Threatened 50% tariffs on Canadian autos and steel — January 1, 2027 target

Threatened
Rate Threatened 50% on autos and steel; steel's general primary rate is already 50%
Baseline 25% on non-U.S. auto content (current); 50% steel (current)
Products Automobiles, auto parts and steel (political threat; final scope not established)
Effective Jan 1, 2027
CUSMA Treatment under any future action has not been established by an enacted instrument.

August 24 reporting records a January 1, 2027 target. This remains a conditional threat, not a confirmed new tariff schedule. Current steel primary duties are already 50%; no universal new aluminum increase is established by this report.

Joint Review — U.S. Declines to Extend

Under Negotiation
Products All goods covered by CUSMA/USMCA
CUSMA CUSMA remains in force; the United States did not confirm an extension at the July 2026 review.

USTR's July 1 statement did not confirm renewal. Review negotiations are not an effective date for withdrawing current preferential treatment. No new enactment or termination date is established by this statement.

Canadian Response

Actions Canada has taken or is pursuing.

Canadian Response

March 2025 counter-tariffs — steel/aluminum retained and later amended

Retaliation

Canada's March 13 package covered C$29.8 billion in U.S. steel, aluminum and other goods. The other-goods tranche was removed September 1, 2025; retained metal duties were further amended in September 2026.

Announced Mar 12, 2025
Status Modified
Responds to Section 232 tariffs on steel, aluminum and covered derivatives, Tariff on Canadian Goods (Struck Down)
Canadian Response

Retaliatory Tariffs on $27.6B of U.S. Goods (September 2026)

Retaliation

Canada's September 8, 2026 countermeasures apply product-specific 15%, 25% and 50% rates to the published U.S. goods list, with announced trade coverage of C$27.6 billion.

Announced Aug 25, 2026
Status In Force
Responds to — 50% duties on selected Canadian products

Latest News

Oct 16, 2026 · bls.gov
U.S. Import Prices Rise 1.1% in September as Fuel Costs Accelerate

Rising U.S. import and export prices, led by fuel, signal broader cross-border cost pressure for Canadian-linked supply chains.

Oct 16, 2026 · BNN Bloomberg
Canadian steelmakers find partial relief in domestic projects as U.S. market access shrinks

Rising Canadian project activity and import displacement are giving steelmakers a partial domestic buffer against lost U.S. sales.

Oct 15, 2026 · Financial Post
Canadian manufacturing sales rose in August before latest U.S. tariffs took full effect

Broad gains in metals and chemicals lifted August manufacturing sales, while weaker transportation equipment and pending tariff effects cloud the next data release.

Oct 14, 2026 · Financial Post
Ford urges Canada to plan for a lasting era of U.S. tariffs

Ontario’s premier called for long-term planning around persistent U.S. protectionism, reinforcing uncertainty for Canadian firms reliant on cross-border market access.

Oct 13, 2026 · CBC
NDP leaders urge federal nationalization of Stelco after Cleveland-Cliffs maintains Hamilton layoffs

Federal and Ontario NDP leaders are pressing Ottawa to pursue public ownership of Stelco, intensifying political pressure as planned layoffs proceed.

Oct 13, 2026 · Financial Post
Asian steelmaking demand revives debate over Alberta metallurgical coal

Renewed interest in Alberta’s Grassy Mountain coal resource is sharpening a local divide between prospective economic gains and environmental concerns.

Oct 9, 2026 · CTV News
Stelco layoff notices highlight tariff-linked uncertainty despite Canadian order book

A Stelco worker says tariff-linked layoffs at the Hamilton plant are hard to reconcile with continued demand from Canadian customers.

Oct 9, 2026 · Financial Post
Canada’s September job losses deepen labour-market caution amid tariff uncertainty

Canada lost 68,000 jobs in September, lifting unemployment to 6.5 per cent and adding caution for employers and monetary policymakers.

Oct 8, 2026 · globalnews.ca
Canadian steel group sees U.S. tariffs persisting as Stelco layoffs deepen sector pressure

Canadian steel producers are planning for enduring U.S. tariff barriers as planned Stelco layoffs underscore the sector’s reliance on export access.

Oct 7, 2026 · CBC
Ottawa demands Stelco compliance plan, warns Cleveland-Cliffs of enforcement

Ottawa has demanded Cleveland-Cliffs show how it will honour Stelco job commitments, raising legal pressure amid planned workforce reductions.

Oct 7, 2026 · cbc.ca
Latest Canada-U.S. escalation seen pushing up prices and narrowing consumer choice

Retail and supply-chain experts expect the latest tariff escalation to lift Canadian prices and complicate sourcing, while broad product availability largely holds.

Oct 2, 2026 · canada.ca
Federal and provincial finance ministers coordinate on U.S. trade response

Ottawa and provincial finance ministers aligned on counter-tariffs, tariff relief and business supports, reinforcing coordination without announcing a new trade measure.

Oct 2, 2026 · wpr.org
Great Lakes port data show tariff-linked declines in iron ore and steel traffic

Port traffic data point to weaker cross-border iron ore and steel flows, raising logistics and input-cost pressure for Great Lakes manufacturers.

Oct 1, 2026 · Institute for Supply Management
U.S. factory costs jump as manufacturers report Canada tariff disruption

U.S. manufacturing continued expanding in September, while input-cost pressure rose and survey respondents described tariffs disrupting Canadian supply chains.

Oct 1, 2026 · Reuters
Canada's manufacturing PMI slows to a six-month low as trade friction weighs

Canada's September manufacturing PMI fell to 51.5, with weaker export orders, higher input costs and border disruption tempering continued expansion.

Oct 1, 2026 · theglobeandmail.com
Ottawa’s tariff-remission system cushions a significant share of U.S. countertariffs

Existing and prospective tariff relief is reducing countertariff exposure for Canadian importers, particularly buyers of U.S. steel and aluminum inputs.

Sep 30, 2026 · United States Trade Representative
Steel forum adopts Milwaukee action framework as wider G20 talks stall

Canada participated as the steel forum adopted a joint-action framework, despite wider G20 disagreement on industrial overcapacity the following day.

Sep 29, 2026 · CBC
Deloitte cuts 2027 Canada growth forecast as trade uncertainty deepens

Deloitte lowered its 2027 Canadian growth outlook to 1.6 per cent, signalling a weaker near-term environment for households and businesses.

Sep 28, 2026 · CHCH
Stelco plans to idle Hamilton finishing operations as tariffs shrink demand

Stelco announced plans to idle Hamilton finishing operations around October 9, affecting up to 500 workers as tariffs and weaker demand strain sales.

Sep 28, 2026 · New York Post
Analysis maps $188B Canada trade exposure across competitive U.S. Senate states

A new state-level analysis highlights concentrated Canada trade exposure in battleground states, sharpening the business stakes of continuing tariffs and retaliation.

Sep 28, 2026 · wealthprofessional.ca
Quebec barometer puts tariff-linked output risk at up to $6.6 billion

A new Quebec assessment estimates combined tariff measures could endanger billions in output and up to 23,000 jobs across exposed export industries.

Sep 25, 2026 · The Straits Times
USTR signals no urgency for Canada trade deal as dispute risks deepen

Washington’s stated willingness to sustain the standoff reduces near-term prospects for relief as further trade restrictions approach.

Sep 25, 2026 · wxxinews.org
Canadian aluminum tariffs raise Nine Pin Ciderworks’ canning costs by 30%

An upstate New York cidery says tariffs on Canadian aluminum have lifted packaging costs, tightening margins and delaying expansion choices.

Sep 24, 2026 · gibsondunn.com
Legal Alert Flags Rising Compliance Burden From Rapid U.S. Economic Measures

A September 23 legal assessment says rapidly changing U.S. trade and sanctions measures are raising compliance demands and uncertainty for companies operating across borders.

Sep 22, 2026 · theglobeandmail.com
Canada’s EU trade push faces regulatory, logistics and market-access limits

Unused farm quotas, regulatory gaps and infrastructure constraints could limit how quickly Canadian firms turn stronger EU trade into broader diversification.

Sep 19, 2026 · Windsor Star
Beer-can costs rise for Ontario craft brewer as aluminum tariffs move through supply chain

Walkerville Brewery reports higher tall-can costs and expects retail beer prices could rise within months as cross-border aluminum tariffs accumulate.

Sep 18, 2026 · newseu.cgtn.com
Canada’s Export Concentration Underscores Difficulty of Reducing U.S. Reliance

New export data and business evidence show diversification is advancing slowly, leaving Canadian firms exposed to deeply entrenched U.S. market ties.

Sep 17, 2026 · en.ilsole24ore.com
Canadian steel output and U.S. shipments weaken as producers restructure

New data point to a steep contraction in Canadian steel output and U.S.-bound exports, accelerating costly producer shifts toward domestic markets.

Sep 16, 2026 · WAFF
Alabama trade group flags hiring risk from Canada’s retaliatory tariffs

A North Alabama trade official says retaliatory tariffs may pressure automotive hiring before consumers see broader price effects.

Sep 15, 2026 · CBC
U.S. 50% tariffs take effect on 110 Canadian products as selected exemptions begin

New U.S. duties now cover 110 Canadian product lines, narrowing some firms’ routing options despite near-offsetting exemptions.

Sep 14, 2026 · ttnews.com
Carney Sets Conditions for Resuming Canada-U.S. Trade Talks

Canada signalled readiness to restart trade talks, but sovereignty, culture and trade-policy autonomy remain non-negotiable conditions.

Sep 14, 2026 · usglassmag.com
Aluminum Mill-Shape Prices Rise 27.3% Year Over Year as Construction Cost Pressure Builds

Sharp increases in aluminum, steel and copper prices are adding to construction cost pressure, complicating project budgeting and procurement decisions.

Sep 14, 2026 · atlanticcouncil.org
Atlantic Council analysis finds U.S. tariffs are eroding practical FTA benefits

New analysis finds executive tariffs have lifted effective rates for U.S. free-trade partners, while CUSMA still cushions most Canadian and Mexican imports.

Sep 12, 2026 · hpj.com
Economist Warns U.S.-Canada Tariff Conflict Could Deepen Risks for Agriculture

An agricultural trade economist warned the bilateral tariff dispute may persist, leaving farm exporters, input buyers and consumers exposed to uncertainty.

Sep 11, 2026 · mountainmessenger.com
Potential Canadian mineral-export limits could narrow Rupert rare-earth hub’s battery-material output

A possible Canadian restriction on manganese exports could constrain a planned U.S. processing hub’s battery-material stream, though alternative feedstock sources offer continuity.

Sep 11, 2026 · BNN Bloomberg
Cross-Border Shippers Report Steeper U.S. Customs Scrutiny and Penalties

Tighter U.S. border enforcement is adding paperwork, compliance costs and potential delays for Canada-U.S. freight movements.

Sep 10, 2026 · CityNews Toronto
Ontario widens tariff-support eligibility as new U.S. measures approach

Ontario is expanding access to two business-support funds, giving tariff-exposed firms financing and trade-adjustment options as new U.S. restrictions begin.

Sep 9, 2026 · Financial Post
Desjardins flags double tariff shock for Canadian manufacturers as counter-levies take effect

Canadian counter-tariffs may intensify tariff pressures on manufacturers and other sectors by raising costs for U.S.-sourced inputs and complicating supply chains.

Sep 9, 2026 · straitstimes.comIndustry rating changed
U.S. Sets Sept. 29 Import Bans on Canadian Alcohol, Motorcycles and Dairy

Washington’s new import bans and expanded 50% tariff list deepen immediate disruption for Canadian dairy and food exporters ahead of Sept. 29.

Sep 8, 2026 · BNN Bloomberg
Bombardier shares slide as Canada’s retaliatory tariffs take effect

Canada’s counter-tariffs on roughly 700 U.S. imports took effect as Bombardier shares fell following a U.S. market-access threat.

Sep 8, 2026 · IndexBox
Trump Threatens to Block Bombardier Sales as Canada’s C$27.6 Billion Counter-Tariffs Take Effect

Canada’s counter-tariffs on U.S. goods take effect as a reported Bombardier sales threat adds uncertainty to cross-border trade relations.

Sep 8, 2026 · BNN Bloomberg
Canada’s retaliatory tariff schedule targets U.S. dairy, wood, metals and consumer goods

Canada’s retaliatory tariffs took effect Tuesday, imposing duties of up to 50 per cent on specified U.S. imports.

Sep 8, 2026 · hcamag.comIndustry rating changed
Canada’s $28B Counter-Tariffs Take Effect Without Broad CUSMA Relief

Canada’s new retaliatory duties now raise costs for a wide range of U.S. exports, while Washington signals possible further action.

Sep 8, 2026 · Al Jazeera
Canada tariff retaliation prompts U.S. procurement warning and Bombardier sales threat

Canada has imposed retaliatory tariffs on nearly $20bn of US imports, escalating pressure on integrated North American supply chains.

Sep 6, 2026 · The Globe and Mail
Canada’s $28-billion countertariffs remain set for Tuesday as trade talks stay stalled

Ottawa will proceed with broad retaliatory tariffs Tuesday, raising input costs for import-dependent firms as bilateral negotiations remain suspended.

Sep 3, 2026 · canada.ca
Ottawa Awards C$15.9 Million to Winnipeg Manufacturers for Tariff Response and Productivity Projects

Federal funding will help Winnipeg manufacturers automate, internalize production and develop new markets as U.S. tariff uncertainty disrupts industrial supply chains.

Sep 1, 2026 · WJR-AM
Michigan Manufacturers Flag Potential Exposure to Canada’s September 8 Counter-Tariffs

Michigan manufacturers are preparing for Canadian counter-tariffs scheduled to take effect September 8, with the Michigan Manufacturing Association warning that the state’s broad industrial supply chains could make it unusually exposed. WJR cited a Detroit News estimate that roughly US$1.5 billion in Michigan exports could be affected and identified automotive, cement and food-related activity as areas of concern.[1]

Aug 29, 2026 · Globe and Mail / CBC News
Canadian Banks Beat Q3 Estimates; RBC Cites Limited Tariff Exposure

RBC, TD, and CIBC reported third-quarter profits above analyst estimates. RBC CEO Dave McKay said more than 80% of Canadian exports remain duty-free and the average effective tariff rate is approximately 6%. TD said it holds about C$500 million in reserves for policy and trade risks.

Aug 28, 2026 · Oxford Economics
Oxford Economics: Latest Tariff Escalation Could Cut Canada's 2027 GDP by 0.3 Points

Oxford Economics estimates the latest U.S. tariff escalation and Canadian counter-tariffs could leave Canada's real GDP 0.3 percentage points below its August baseline in 2027 and lift consumer prices by 0.3 percentage points. The forecast is an estimate, not an observed result.

Aug 28, 2026 · Statistics Canada
Canada's Q2 GDP Grew 3.3% Annualized — Strongest Since 2023 — As Trade War Escalated

Canada's real GDP grew 0.8% in the second quarter of 2026, equivalent to a 3.3% annualized rate and the strongest quarterly expansion since 2023. Final domestic demand rose 1.0%, June GDP increased 0.3%, and Statistics Canada's preliminary estimate indicated little change in July.

Aug 25, 2026 · CBC News / Washington Post / Global NewsIndustry rating changed
Canada Announces Retaliatory Tariffs on $27.6B of U.S. Goods

After trade talks collapsed and U.S. Section 338 tariffs took effect, Ottawa announced 15–50% counter-tariffs on approximately 874 U.S. products, effective September 8, 2026. Targets include steel, dairy, appliances, agricultural equipment, pulp and paper, and electronics.

Aug 24, 2026 · Fox Business / CNBC / Al JazeeraIndustry rating changed
Trump Threatens 50% Tariffs on Canadian Autos and Steel from January 2027

Following the collapse of trade talks on August 21, Trump announced tariffs on Canadian automobiles and auto parts will rise from 25% to 50% on January 1, 2027. He also threatened to raise steel tariffs further. Carney called the U.S. terms 'unfair and uneconomic' and suspended negotiations.

Aug 22, 2026 · CBC News / Prime Minister's Office
Canada Lifts Some Import Tariffs on U.S. Goods in Bid to Restart Trade Talks

Alongside its counter-tariff announcement, the Carney government indicated it would lift select tariffs on U.S. agricultural products, consumer goods, and machinery effective September 1, as a negotiating gesture. Carney noted approximately 85% of bilateral trade is already tariff-free. The selective easing is separate from the broader September 8 counter-tariff package, which remains on track.

Jul 24, 2026 · PwC CanadaIndustry rating changed
Section 301 Tariff Hits Canada and 59 Other Countries Over Forced Labor

USTR imposed a 10% tariff on Canadian goods under Section 301, citing failure to enforce forced labor import prohibitions. Not Canada-specific — 60 countries affected. USMCA-compliant goods are exempt.

Jul 1, 2026 · White & Case / USTRIndustry rating changed
U.S. Declines to Extend CUSMA, Triggering Annual Review Process

At the mandatory six-year joint review, the U.S. declined to confirm a 16-year extension of CUSMA/USMCA. The agreement remains in force but faces annual reviews until 2036. Canada has not begun substantive text-based negotiations with the U.S.

Feb 1, 2026 · Multiple / Wikipedia timelineIndustry rating changed
U.S. Supreme Court Rules IEEPA Cannot Be Used to Impose Tariffs

The Supreme Court held that IEEPA does not authorize the President to impose tariffs, invalidating the legal basis for the 25–35% broad tariffs on Canadian goods that had been in force since February 2025. CBP stopped collecting IEEPA tariffs on February 24. Importers became eligible for refunds.

Jun 4, 2025 · EDC / Norton Rose FulbrightIndustry rating changed
U.S. Doubles Steel and Aluminum Tariffs to 50%

The Trump administration doubled Section 232 tariffs on steel and aluminum imports from 25% to 50%, effective immediately. Canada remains the largest foreign supplier of both metals to the U.S.

Consumer Impact

Related product categories and price pressure.

Appliances
Trend ↑ rising
YoY +5.8%
Exposure medium
Future increasing